X-ray: Skull
X-ray: Skull Alternative Names: Skull X-ray,Head X-ray A skull, or head, X-ray is done to examine the skull (including the facial bones, sinuses, and the nose) when there are problems such as headache, epilepsy, or head injury. Problems to the head can be caused by bleeding in the brain (intra-cerebral haemorrhage), brain tumours and cancers, […]
X-ray: Neck
X-ray: Neck Alternative Names: Neck X-ray, Cervical spine X-ray A neck, or cervical spine, X-ray is done to examine the neck and its structures when there are problems such as neck pain; headache; arm numbness, tingling, or weakness; and injuries. Causes of these problems could include arthritis, a slipped disc (disc herniation), or broken bones […]
X-ray: Lumbar Spine
X-ray: Lumbar Spine Alternative Names: Lumbosacral spine X-ray, Lower back X-ray An X-ray of the lumbar spine (also known as a lumbosacral spine X-ray or a lower back X-ray) is done to investigate symptoms such as backache and leg weakness, which may be caused by arthritis or a slipped disc (disc herniation). An X-ray creates […]
X-ray: Joints
X-ray: Joints Alternative Names: Knee X-ray, Hip X-ray, Shoulder X-ray, Elbow X-ray An X-ray of the joints is done to investigate problems (e.g. pain, swelling, or injury) of the knee, hip, shoulder, or elbow joints and their structures. These problems may be caused by arthritis, gout, infections (septic arthritis), dislocations, or broken bones (fractures). An […]
X-ray: Hand
X-ray: Hand Alternative Names: Hand X-ray A hand X-ray is done to investigate problems of the hand and its structures such as pain, swelling, or injury. These problems could be caused by arthritis (osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis), gout, dislocations, and broken bones (fractures). An X-ray creates images by using radiation, which passes through the body. […]
X-ray: Chest
X-ray: Chest Alternative Names: Chest X-ray, CXR A chest X-ray (CXR) is done to examine the chest (including the ribs, lungs, heart, and other structures) and investigate symptoms such as coughing, breathlessness, and chest pain. The causes of these symptoms could be pneumonia, bronchitis, tuberculosis (TB), emphysema, lung cancer, or heart failure. An X-ray creates […]
X-ray: Abdomen
X-ray: Abdomen Alternative Names: Abdominal X-ray, AXR An abdominal X-ray, or AXR, is done to examine the abdomen and to investigate symptoms such as abdominal (stomach) pain, changes in bowel habits (constipation or diarrhoea) and swelling or masses in the abdomen. These symptoms may be caused by kidney stones, colon cancer, bowel obstruction, or cirrhosis […]
Visual acuity test
Visual acuity test Alternative Names: Vision test Snellen’s chart test A visual acuity, or vision, test measures how well you can see in the distance (not near or reading vision). It may be done as part of a routine screening procedure or to examine eye problems. It cannot differentiate, however, between the possible causes of […]
Urinalysis
Urinalysis Alternative Names: Urine analysis, Urine dipstix, Urine microscopy, culture, and sensitivity Urinalysis, or urine dipstix, is the examination of urine and its contents to detect urinary tract infections and blood in the urine. It is often performed as part of a routine general examination to screen for kidney disease and diabetes. The doctor dips […]
Ultrasound: Thyroid
Ultrasound: Thyroid Alternative Names: Thyroid ultrasound A thyroid ultrasound is used to examine the thyroid gland (a gland in the front of the neck) for causes of swelling, lumps, or cysts. Ultrasound is a technique that uses sound waves, which bounce off body structures, to create images on a screen. A simple jelly is placed […]